今年度は、農家や小規模な自治体が導入可能でかつ害獣による農作物被害対策に有用な「IoT技術を用いた鳥獣捕獲罠用通知装置」を設計、検証、運用を行った。 Web ブラウザーベースのクラウドシステムを用いた罠監視システムに加えて、メールやSNS(LINE)によって罠の状況を通知するシステムをSORACOM FunkとAWS Lambdaというクラウドサービスを利用して構築した。通知内容は位置情報を含む文面として、農家・自治体が監視しやすいシステムを実際に運用して、使い勝手の検証を行った。このシステムの特徴は、低コストLPWA(Low Power Wide Area)通信とオープンクラウドなどの利用により、端末費用や通信費用を市販製品の 1/3 ~1/5 程度とした点にある。この価格破壊効果によりくくり罠や箱罠への設置台数の飛躍的増大が可能になる事から、野生鳥獣数の生息域拡大を減少に寄与する可能性を有している。今後、使用するセンサ及びIoTデバイスの改良に取り組みつつ、捕獲通知システムを搭載したくくり罠の数を増やしデータの蓄積と通知パターンの分析を行い、捕獲通知の確実性を向上させていく。今年度は、広角カメラとワンボードマイコンモジュールを用いた害獣判別・通知システムも設計、試作した。これらにより「産学・農業・地域連携」を行政機関と連携して推進し、モデルケース事例の確立と広報を行い鳥獣被害対策アドバイザー制度に協力しながら農家、自治体の導入拡大に取り組んでいく。今年度は、コロナの影響のため会合や罠設置に自粛と制限がかかったが、来年度はかながわ鳥獣被害対策支援センター・平塚市有害鳥獣対策協議会とも連携して、野生鳥獣による離農や耕作放棄の問題に向き合って行きたい。今年度は、食料被害の対策に効果的なイノシシ対策から始めたが、鹿など他の鳥獣へ拡大していく事で「IoT 技術を用いた鳥獣捕獲罠用通知装置と農業・地域連携の推進」による持続可能な社会実現を目指していきたい。
A "notification device for bird and animal traps using IoT technology," has been designed, verified to operate for farmers and small-scale local governments. The device is useful for preventing damage to crops by vermin. In addition to a trap monitoring system using a web browser-based cloud system, a system to notify the status of traps via e-mail and SNS (LINE) was constructed using SORACOM Funk and AWS Lambda cloud services. The content of the notifications includes location information, and the usability of the system was verified by actually operating a system that is easy for farmers and local governments to monitor. The system features low-cost LPWA (Low Power Wide Area) communication and open cloud computing, which reduces the cost of terminals and communication to 1/3 to 1/5 of commercial products. This price-cutting effect enables a dramatic increase in the number of traps and box traps, and thus has the potential to reduce the expansion of the habitat of wild birds and animals. In the future, while working on improving the sensors and IoT devices, the number of traps equipped with the capture notification system will increase to accumulate data, analyze notification patterns, and improve the certainty of capture notification. Furthermore, a prototype of a vermin identification and notification system have been designed and fabricated using a wide-angle camera and a one-board microcomputer module. Through these efforts, "industry-academia-agriculture-region collaboration" will be promoted in cooperation with government agencies, establish model cases, publicize them, and cooperate with the advisory system for bird and animal damage prevention to expand the adoption of the system by farmers and local governments. In this year, holding meetings and traps had to be refrained due to the effects of Corona virus, but in the next year, I would like to face the problems of abandoned farming and abandoned crops caused by wild birds and animals in cooperation with the Kanagawa Wildlife Damage Prevention Support Center and the Hiratsuka City Council for Control of Pest Animals. In the current year, I started against wild boars, which are effective in preventing food damage, but the system will be expanded to other birds and animals, such as deer, in order to realize a sustainable society through the "promotion of IoT technology-based notification devices for bird and animal traps and cooperation between agriculture and local communities.
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