オンライン（Zoom）と対面の会話における日本人大学生の状態不安（その場の不安）を比較調査した。計13名の学生参加者は実験に３回参加し、１回目はカメラをオフ、２回目はカメラをオン（マスクなし）にしたオンライン状況で、３回目は対面（マスクあり）で、初対面の同性の相手とペアで20分間会話し、会話前後の状態不安を質問票により測定した。各状況で参加者の状態不安に相違があるか、また、あがり、相互作用不安、自己観（独立的／協調的）、自己肯定感、自己呈示効力感、コミュニケーション評価、会話中の公的／私的自覚状態、また拒絶感、相手との関係性認知の８変数が関連するかを検証した。分析の結果、カメラオン／オフのオンラインと対面の両状況とも会話前の状態不安は高く、会話後は減少した。オンライン状況の状態不安は、カメラオン／オフ両状況で相互作用不安と関連がみられ、相互作用不安の高い個人は、オンラインでの会話前の状態不安が高かった。また、対面状況の状態不安は独立的自己観と関連がみられ、独立的自己観が弱い個人は会話前の状態不安が高かった。一方、オンラインと対面状況の状態不安を調べた結果、単純主効果の検定は有意でなかったが、カメラオフ＞オン＞対面の順で状態不安の相違傾向がみられた。状態不安と相互作用不安に関連がみられ、相互作用不安の高い個人ではカメラオフ＞対面の順で状態不安が変化し、相互作用不安の低い個人ではカメラオン＞対面＞カメラオフの順で状態不安が変化した。また、会話前の状態不安と独立的自己観との関連もみられ、独立的自己観が強い個人の状態不安は、オンライン＞対面の順で変化した。オンラインと対面状況の会話後の状態不安に有意な相違はなかったが、関連要因として会話前同様、独立的自己観の強い個人でカメラオン＞対面の順で変化した。以上の結果から、オンラインと対面での参加者の状態不安に相違があること、また相互作用不安と独立的自己観の強さの関連が示唆される。今後、インタビューデータの分析もすすめ、定量分析の結果と併せて考察したい。
The study examined Japanese university students' state-anxiety in online (Zoom) and face-to-face conversations. A total of 13 students participated in the study three times; in on-line conversations 1. with a camera off, 2. with the camera on (without face masks), and 3. face-to-face conversation (with face masks). Each talked to a same-sex student s/he met for the first time for 20 minutes, and their state anxiety before/after the conversation was measured by a questionnaire. The study also examined if the participants' state anxiety is related with eight variables; agari, interaction anxiety, and self-construals (independent/interdependent), self-affirmation, self-presentation efficacy, communication evaluation, public/private state of awareness, rejection, and relationship perception in conversation. Results showed that the state anxiety before the conversation was higher than after the conversation in both online and face-to-face conversations. State anxiety in online conversations tended to be associated with interaction anxiety. Individuals with high interaction anxiety tended to report higher state anxiety before an online conversation. In addition, state anxiety in face-to-face situations was associated with independent self-construals. Individuals with less dominant independent self-construals tended to report higher state anxiety before a conversation. On the other hand, the results also revealed that, though a simple main effect test results were not significant, participants' state anxiety tended to differ in the order of camera off > on > face-to-face. Participants' interaction anxiety and independent self-construals were likely to be associated with state anxiety before a conversation. The results showed no significant difference in state anxiety after online and face-to-face conversations. However, as a related factor, individuals with strong independent self-construals also tended to report less state anxiety in face-to-face conversations than in camera-on online conversations. These results suggest that participants reported different levels of state anxiety between in online and face-to-face conversations. The results also imply interaction anxiety and independent self-construals are related to the levels of state anxiety.