本研究では，会社による禁煙支援プログラムに参加する意思がある社員をランダムに２つのグループに分け，同プログラムの対象になる介入群と，対象にならない対照群を比較するという「ランダム化比較試験」のデザインで禁煙支援プログラム労働者の労働市場での成果に与える影響を明らかにした．介入群に割り当てられた社員には，半年間の禁煙支援プログラムに参加してもらう．この禁煙プログラムは，12 週間合計５回の標準的な禁煙治療を含む禁煙外来の受診費用および通院のための交通費の全額補助を含む．製造業の一部上場企業（本社：東京都千代田区）と共同で実施し, 合計75名が参加した. この会社では喫煙者は従業員の38.1％, 1日の平均たばこ休憩時間は51.2分にも上り, たばこ休憩による生産性損失はかなり大きいことがわかる. 実験の結果, 禁煙外来の通院により, 介入群の76.9％が禁煙に成功した. 禁煙の効果を計測するための成果指標（アウトカム）は，毎年９月に実施される社員サーベイからエンゲージメントや仕事・生活に対する満足度の情報，毎年 12 月に実施されるストレスチェック診断から職場の負荷やストレス反応の情報，人事データベースから給与・賞与，業績評価，昇進，残業時間などの情報を得て，プログラム終了後に両群で比較し，その後も最長３年程度は追跡調査を行う．現時点の分析によると, 1日の禁煙本数・たばこ休憩の回数・たばこ休憩時間は大きく低下した．加えて過去4週間の欠勤日数・残業や休日出勤の回数も低下し、一方で労働時間は増加、生き生きと仕事ができているという質問と家族と気軽に話ができるという質問に対する肯定的な回答の割合が高まった．つまり, 1⽇あたりのたばこ休憩を約22.6分減少させ、健康問題にともなうプレゼンティーズムや⽋勤の問題を改善しており、従業員の禁煙を進めることは⽣産性の向上をもたらす可能性が⽰唆されている.
This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of smoking cessation program on workers' productivity. Program participants were assigned into treatment groups which were asked to participate in a six-month smoking cessation program or otherwise. The smoking cessation program includes full subsidies for the cost of smoking cessation outpatient visits, including a total of five standard smoking cessation treatments over a 12-week period, as well as transportation costs for the visits. The program was conducted in collaboration with a listed manufacturing company (head office: Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo), and a total of 75 employees participated in the program. In this company, 38.1% of employees are smokers, and the average daily cigarette break time is 51.2 minutes, indicating that the productivity loss due to cigarette breaks is quite large. As a result of the experiment, 76.9% of the intervention group succeeded in quitting smoking by visiting the smoking cessation clinic. The outcome measures for measuring the effect of smoking cessation are: information on engagement and satisfaction with work and life from the employee survey conducted in September every year, information on work load and stress response from the stress check diagnosis conducted in December every year, and information on salary, bonus, performance evaluation, promotion, and overtime from the human resource database. Information on salary, bonus, performance evaluation, promotion, overtime, etc. will be obtained from the personnel database, and the two groups will be compared after the completion of the program, and will be followed up for up to three years afterwards. According to the current analysis, the number of cigarettes smoked per day, the number of cigarette breaks, and the duration of cigarette breaks decreased significantly. In addition, the number of days absent from work and the number of overtime and holiday work in the past four weeks also decreased, while working hours increased, and the percentage of positive responses to the questions "I am able to work lively" and "I can talk with my family easily" increased. In other words, it reduced the number of cigarette breaks per day by about 22.6 minutes and improved the problems of presenteeism and absence associated with health problems, suggesting that encouraging employees to quit smoking may improve productivity.
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