トリンプ・インターナショナル・ジャパンの吉越浩一郎は, 1992年社長に就任後, 「残業ゼロ」を柱とする生産性向上により19期連続増収増益を達成。「残業ゼロ」導入時の抵抗は徹底的に除去した。伊藤忠商事は, 2013年から夜8時以降の残業を禁止, 午前5時から始業時間の9時までは深夜と同じ割増賃金を払い, 朝食も用意, 朝会議等朝方勤務へ移行させた。
第二次世界大戦の負け戦に表出した日本軍の失敗の要因は, 目的が不明確, 戦争に勝つ見通しが持てなかった故に短期決戦を目指し, 戦略策定にグランド・デザインが欠如していたため, 帰納的, 即ち, 行き当たりばったり, 戦略オプションが狭く硬直的, 統合戦略の欠如が致命的であったことにあった。技術体系も一点豪華主義で, 装備も古く, 組織的にも集団主義による人的ネットワーク偏重であり, 人間関係で統合されていた。学習はシングル・ループであった。作戦実行の結果で評価せず, 動機・プロセスがよければ評価されたため, 失敗に失敗を重ねて壊滅的打撃を受けた。日本軍の失敗の過程は, 主観と独善から希望的観測に依存する戦略目的が, 戦争の現実と合理的論理によって漸次破壊されたプロセスであった。
日本の軍隊において兵士は「消耗品」であった。日本軍では, 捕虜は本来ありえないもの, あってはならないものであった。だから, 捕虜になった場合の心構えなど, いっさい教育しなかった。それにしても, 日本の軍隊は人間の命を軽視し過ぎた。
日本の軍隊には, 重大な決定をなすにあたって, 確たる根拠も責任の所在を明らかにするルールもなく, ただその場の空気に流され, 強い勢いに引きずられて事が運ばれてゆく通弊があった。すでに開戦を決定するときに, そうであった。その傾向は戦後も引き継がれている。
社会的弱者とその家族が気楽に相談したり, 寛ぐカフェとして「認知症カフェ」があり, 健康の思わしくない近親者を抱える人や死について関心のある老若男女が語り合う場として「デスカフェ」がある。これらは常設ではないが, 社会的に機能している。
2013年の調査結果によれば, フランスにレストラン(総菜屋を含む)は13万5千店あるが, その85%が冷凍食品やレトルトを使っていた。お店が素材から料理していることを表すマークとして"Fait Maison"(自家製)が2014年7月より導入され, 半年の試験期間を経て2015年から義務化された。新しい法律では「自家製」料理は, その場所で, 事前に「重要な変更」が行われていない「原材料」から作られなければならないと規定。しかし, 凍結食品業界のロビー活動は強力で多くの食品が認められた。2015年5月に一部改正, 「『自家製』とは, 生の製品を現場で処理したもの, すなわち, 事前に, どのプロセスでも調理されていないか, または未変性のものを指す」とされた。
このような状況で, 調理時間を削減し, 効率的なレストラン経営を行う手段として, シェフの開発したブイヨンを分析し, まったく同じブイヨンを作って供給するARIAKE JAPANおよびレストラン内で作られた場合には自家製と表記できる真空調理法による料理と保存について概観する。さらに, 東京における料理の一端をかい間見る。
日本の国際観光客到着数の増加率は, 2012年から2017年に3倍以上になった。これはアジアが経済成長したのに加え, 観光客にとって, 日本は「安くておいしい国」になったためである。海外の軽食・ランチ千円に対し東京では, その3分の1で牛丼が食べられる。「安くておいしい店」は, 千客万来で忙しいが, 利益や賃金は上がらない。日本には, 20代, 30代で高度な知識・能力を有する若者が, 高賃金で働く職場が少ない。稼げないから, 食べ物も安くなる。一方で, 留学生も増えた。日本では就労ビザのない留学生でも週に28時間まで働けるため, 彼らが, コンビニや配送, 建設, 農業など, 低賃金で日本人が働きたがらない業種を支えている。
小熊英二は, もう「安くておいしい日本」はやめるべきだと言う。サービスには適正価格をつけた方が, 観光業はもっと成長できる。牛丼も千円, 最低賃金は時給1500円以上に。さもないと, 低賃金の長時間労働で「安くて良質な」サービスを提供させるブラック企業の問題も, 外国人の人権侵害も解決しない。デフレからの脱却もできないし, 出生率も上がらない。したがって, 経済成長はもちろん維持さえできない。
President Koichiro Yoshikoshi of Triumph International Japan achieved the 19 fiscal years consecutive increase in revenue and earnings due to productivity improvement based on "zero overtime" after he became the president in 1992. Resistance to the introduction of "overtime zero" policy was thoroughly eliminated by him. Since 2013, C. Ito prohibits overtime from 8 o'clock in the evening, pays the same extra wage as midnight from 5 am to 9 o'clock, also prepares breakfast for staffs and shifted to morning work including morning meeting. Factors of the Japanese military's failure to appear in a losing battle during the Second World War are as follows. Because the purpose was unclear, and it could not have the prospect of winning the war, it aimed for a short-term decisive battle. Because of the lack of ground design, strategy formulation was inductive, in other words, doing a thing without system, strategy options were narrow and rigid, the lack of integration strategy was fatal. The technical system was one point luxury, military equipment was old. It was a human network process by collectivism, it was integrated by special human relations. Learning was a single loop. Because officers were evaluated if the motivation and process was good, without evaluating them as a result of the execution of the strategy, the army failed and failed to catastrophically. The process of the failure of the Japanese army was the process of gradual destruction of the strategic purpose dependent on subjective observation and wishful observation from subjective self-righteousness, caused by the reality of war and rational logic. In Japanese army soldiers were "consumables". In the Japanese army, prisoners of war were things that were impossible, and should not exist. Therefore, soldiers were not educated at all, such as attitude when they became prisoners. Even so, the Japanese army disregarded human life too much. In making a material decision at Japanese army, there is no definite grounds and no rules to clarify the location of responsibility, just being carried by the air of the place, things will be carried by being dragged by strong momentum there. It was so already when the army decided to open the war. Such trend has been passed to even after the war. There is a "dementia cafe" as a cafe where socially vulnerable people and their families can consult comfortably, interact and relax. Also there is a "death cafe" as a place where young and old men and women who think about death and people who have unhealthy close relatives talk. These are not permanent but they are functioning socially. According to the findings of 2013, there are 13,500 restaurants in France, 85% of which used frozen foods and retort. "Fait Maison" (homemade) was introduced from July 2014 as a mark indicating that the restaurants and shops are cooking from the raw materials, it was compulsory from 2015 after a half-year examination period. The new law stipulates that "homemade" cuisine must be made from "raw materials" beforehand in which "important changes" have not been made. However, lobbying activities in the frozen food industry were powerful and many foods were accepted. Partially revised in May 2015, "Homemade" means that raw products is processed at the site, that is, it is not cooked in any process in advance, or it is undenatured. Under such circumstances, as a means to reduce cooking time and efficient restaurant management, ARIAKE JAPAN analyzes bouillon developed by chef's, make exactly the same bouillon and supply it to the chefs, and when cuisine is made at the restaurant and preserved by vacuum cooking method which can be written as homemade, are reviewed. Furthermore, review a part of cooking in Tokyo. The increase rate in the number of arrivals of international tourists in Japan has more than tripled from 2012 to 2017, which comes from, in addition to the economic growth of Asia, especially China, Japan became "cheap and delicious country" for such tourists. Snacks and lunch overseas cost 1,000 yen is normal. But in Tokyo, tourists can eat a beef bowl one third of them. Delicious, the shop is clean and the service is good. "Cheap and delicious store" is busy with a lot of customers, but profits and wages do not rise. In Japan, young people with advanced knowledge and ability in their twenties and thirties have fewer workplaces that work at high wages. Because they cannot earn money, food is also cheap. On the other hand, foreign students also increased. In Japan, international students who do not have a work visa can work up to 28 hours a week, so they support industries that Japanese do not want to work with low wages such as convenience stores, delivery, construction and agriculture. Mr. Eiji Oguma says that it should stop now "cheap and delicious Japan". Putting a reasonable price on the service, the tourism industry can grow more. Beef bowl shall be 1,000yen, minimum wage to over ¥ 1500 / hour. Otherwise, the problems of black companies that will provide "cheap and good quality" services with long hours of low wages, and even human rights violations of foreigners will not be resolved. We cannot even escape from deflation and claim that the birthrate will not rise.
|
