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KAKEN_19K21818seika.pdf
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Title |
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身体拡張性の比較心理学
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Kana |
シンタイ カクチョウセイ ノ ヒカク シンリガク
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Shintai kakuchōsei no hikaku shinrigaku
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Comparative psychology research of the extended body-part control
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伊澤, 栄一
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イザワ, エイイチ
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Izawa, Eiichi
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慶應義塾大学・文学部 (三田) ・教授
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Research team head
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科研費研究者番号 : 10433731
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川合, 伸幸
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カワイ, ノブユキ
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Kawai, Nobuyuki
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名古屋大学・情報学研究科・教授
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Research team member
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科研費研究者番号 : 30335062
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池田, 譲
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イケダ, ユズル
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Ikeda, Yuzuru
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琉球大学・理学部・教授
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Research team member
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科研費研究者番号 : 30342744
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2021
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科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書
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2020
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Abstract |
ヒトには道具使用など拡張した身体を操作する身体拡張能力が進化している。ヒト以外の動物の身体拡張能力は霊長類以外では検証されてこなかった。本研究では,身体拡張能力の基礎となる効果器(手や嘴)の運動制御メカニズムを鳥類および頭足類を対象に調べた。鳥類を対象とした実験では,カラスが首を伸ばし嘴で餌をつかむ運動を詳細に解析した結果,数十ミリ秒の短い時間で視覚情報をもとに行動を調整できる高速かつ柔軟な運動制御能力をもつことが判明した。頭足類を対象とした実験では,タコの腕の詳細な解剖学的解析によって,腕のつけ根から先端の位置によって機能が異なる可能性が見出され,効果器の運動制御能力の高さが示唆された。
This study aimed to investigate the capacity for motor control of extended body-part in non-human animals from a comparative viewpoint. We conducted kinematic analyses of reaching-and-grasping behaviour, as a basic component of this capacity, in crows. We found that crows flexibly switched reaching-movement strategies between on-line feedback and predictive feedforward controls dependently on velocities of moving targets. To investigate the capacity to control of extended body-parts in cephalopods, we aimed to know the function of octopus arms that act as physical effector as well as receptor. For that purpose, arms of two tropical octopus were histologically observed. We found the specific muscles and nerve previously described for other octopus, and also detected volume of these cells vary at site of arm. These features might reflect capacity for flexible motor control of arms in octopus.
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研究種目 : 挑戦的研究 (萌芽)
研究期間 : 2019~2020
課題番号 : 19K21818
研究分野 : 動物心理学
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