It is said that Herbert Spencer became more conservative in his later life. The primary objective of this study is to discuss the consistency of his thought in terms of his ethics, especially the system of 'absolute and relative ethics' in the last two chapters of The Data of Ethics.
First, this paper will outline The Man versus the State（Chapter 1）．Second, this paper will carefully consider the relationship between absolute and relative ethics, according to The Data of Ethics（Chapter 2）．Third, on the basis of the discussions about these two matters, the paper will examine the consistency of his thought（Chapter 3）．On the basis of the discussions about these three matters, this paper proves that Spencer does not change his thought, and positions The Man versus the State as a manual for relative ethics.

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