Quine thinks that the empirical content of a theory is expressed in the observation conditionals which a formulation of the theory implies. Then the doctrine of empirical under-determination of theories is that for any one theory formulation there is another which is empirically equivalent to it but logically incomatible with it, and cannot be rendered logically equivalent to it by any reconstrual of predicates. On the other hand the empirical content of a translation theory is shown when observation sentences are translated through it. Thus we find that the thesis of indeterminacy of translation can be formulated in the same way as that of under-determination. The difference is that in case of empirical theories there are facts of the matter, while in case of translation we do not seem to have enough reason to think that there are facts of the matter. Considering interpretation of compatriots, syntax and semantics are generally indeterminate in concert with translation.