"Yueh-nan-chi-lueh" 越南輯略 which was published in 1877 stands as the most conclusive and unique book on the subject of Vietnam, because it was compiled by a competent Chinese scholar. However, this book has been given so little attention that I felt compelled to write the present treatise, so that I might introduce and evaluate its contents as a historical document. The author of this book, Hsu Yen-hsu 徐延旭, had long been a government official in the Province of Kwangsi 廣西省 which lay adjacent to the border of Vietnam. He had had a keen interest in Vietnamese history and geography and, after traveling extensively in Vietnam, he became an authority on Vietnam among the Chinese scholars of that period. "Yueh-nan-chi-liieh" 越南輯略 is the result of his actual research in Vietnam and, in addition, an accumulation of his knowledge in the study of Vietnam that had been conducted in China up to the 19th century. This book ought to be very useful for understanding the historical background of Vietnam, and also it should serve as a valuable document in illustrating the historical relations between China and Vietnam as well as the general history of Southeast Asia.