本稿は, 明治中期の富士山南麓地域において, 官有地・御料地が無断に開墾される事例を通じて, 近代日本における村落社会のあり方の一端を明らかにすることを課題とする。対象とされた事例においては, 社会の流動化に伴い, 地域外の労働力供給者や, 入会地隣接地域の住民が, 市場動向に左右されながら利得機会を求めて開墾に乗りだし, 村落が近世来の入会地を共同で維持する機能は明治前期に失われていたことが明らかとなった。
This paper aims to clarify one aspect of the rural society in modern Japan through examples of unauthorized cultivation of state-owned and imperial lands on the south side of Mt. Fuji during the middle Meiji Period. In the cases studied, it is clear that during the period, the increasing fluidity of society led to an influx of labor from neighboring regions and outside the region. This new supply of labor led to the cultivation of lands in pursuit of private profits driven by market trends. As a result, during the early Meiji Period, villages were no longer capable of jointly conserving common land-a function they had performed since early modern times.

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