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2017000001-20170063  
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Title 中国製造業の生産性と不完全競争  
Kana チュウゴク セイゾウギョウ ノ セイサンセイ ト フカンゼン キョウソウ  
Romanization Chūgoku seizōgyō no seisansei to fukanzen kyōsō  
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Title TFP growth of Chinese manufacturing industries and uncompetitive market  
Kana  
Romanization  
Creator
Name 孟, 若燕  
Kana モウ, ジャクエン  
Romanization Meng, Ruoyan  
Affiliation 慶應義塾大学商学部教授  
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Name 慶應義塾大学  
Kana ケイオウ ギジュク ダイガク  
Romanization Keiō gijuku daigaku  
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Issued (from:yyyy) 2018  
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1 pdf  
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Name 学事振興資金研究成果実績報告書  
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Year 2017  
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Abstract
この研究では, 世界銀行や中国国務院発展開発センター発表のレポート(China 2030, 2013)で指摘したような, 政府規制などによって中国経済の不完全競争市場の問題を注目している。研究の目標として, 中国製造業の不完全市場の度合を推定し, 関連する中国製造業の「真の」全要素生産性を見直すことである。「真の」全要素生産性はソロー残差と異なっており, Roegerが考案した方法によって生産物の価格と限界費用の比率(mark-up ratio)を用いて定義される(Can Imperfect Competition Explain the Difference between Primal and Dual Productivity Measures? Estimates for U.S. Manufacturing, Journal of political Economy, 1995, vol. 103, no.2, 1995)。
Roegerの生産関数と費用関数を使ったmark-up ratioの推定方法は主に次の式で表れる。
〖 SR〗_i^t-〖SRP〗_i^t=B(ΔX_i^t)/(X_i^t )+θ_i^t
with (ΔX_i^t)/(X_i^t ) = ((〖ΔY〗_i^t)/(Y_i^t )-(〖ΔK〗_i^t)/(K_i^t ))+ ((〖ΔP〗_i^t)/(P_i^t )-(〖ΔR〗_i^t)/(R_i^t ))
B=(P-MC)/P=1-1/μ
SRはソロー残差, SRPは生産物価格の変化率, Yはアウトプット, Kは資本サービス, Pは生産物価格, Rは資本収益率である。係数B=0の場合, μ=1で完全競争を表す。μ>1の場合, 不完全市場であることを意味する。
この研究の対象は中国製造業の31産業に限定し, 対象期間は1992-2010。主なデータは私自身の2010-2015間の計測結果を利用しているが, いくつかの修正を行ったと共に, 費用関数のデータ整備を行った。
統計的推定の結果は2セクターを除き有意である。産業別のmark-up ratiosの最小値は1.19で, 最大値は3.33である。そのなか, 3つのセクターは3.0を, 14のセクターは2.0を, 12のセクターは1.0を超える。本推定の結果は, 先進国を対象とした同じ方法による先行研究の結果をいずれも上回っている。
論文は今年度前半発表する予定。
This study is based on hypothesis that there are various interventions in product or factor market given by the government, like the analysis on Chinese economy by World Bank and DRC (China 2030, 2013). The object of my study is to test the degree of uncompetitive in markets of Chinese manufacturing industries, and to recalculate the growth rate of total factor productivity (TFP), which is different from conventional Solow's residual. This study applies the Roeger's method ("Can Imperfect Competition Explain the Difference between Primal and Dual Productivity Measures? Estimates for U.S. Manufacturing", Journal of political Economy, vol. 103, no.2, 1995) to estimate mark-up ratios of prices over marginal cost.
Roeger proposed a method that used both the production function and the cost function in order to estimate the mark-up ratio. Roeger's idea is expressed by the equations showed below.
〖 SR〗_i^t-〖SRP〗_i^t=B(ΔX_i^t)/(X_i^t )+θ_i^t
with (ΔX_i^t)/(X_i^t ) = ((〖ΔY〗_i^t)/(Y_i^t )-(〖ΔK〗_i^t)/(K_i^t ))+ ((〖ΔP〗_i^t)/(P_i^t )-(〖ΔR〗_i^t)/(R_i^t ))
B=(P-MC)/P=1-1/μ
Where SR represents Solow residual, SRP represents the changes of output prices, Y is output, K capital service, P output price, R return of capital. B=0 then μ=1, means perfect competitive market, otherwise μ>1 means less-competitive or uncompetitive market.
I restrict the investigation to the manufacturing sector of Chinese economy on the two-digit level. The data cover the period 1992-2010. Data are basically taken from the past studies by myself in 2010-2015. But, I revised several data estimation in this study and created the data for measuring SRP.
The regression result shows that mark-up ratios are on average statistically significant except for two sectors. The estimate values range from 1.19(Food processing) to 3.33 (Chemical product) and there are three sectors in which the mark-up ratios exceed 3.0, fourteen sectors exceed 2.0, twelve sectors exceed 1.0 out of 31 sectors. The average mark-up estimates in this study is higher than the any of other mark-up ratio estimates for other countries, which also employs Roeger's method but mostly put developed country economies on target.
 
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/ Public / Internal Research Fund / Keio Gijuku Academic Development Funds Report / Academic year 2017
 
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