This study tried to compare usefulness of several indices of land-scape diversity for estimating local species diversity. Study area was set as anarray of 30 quadrates(lkm by lkm)along the center axis of the Tsurumi RiverBasin. The index of species-diversity used in this study was obtained by countingnumber of nocturnal-calling Orthoptera species as determined by identifyingdifferent crickets calls in each square. The indices of landscape diversity usedwere determined for each square as the number of the types of vegetation cover-age area and three compound indices calculated from the proportions of g differentland use types described in the officially published topographic map of the con-cerned area. Values of correlation coefficient between the species diversity and allof the four landscape-diversity indices proved highly significant with the levels ofsignificance higher for Shannon function， Mclntosh's index， number of the types ofvegetation area， Simpson's index in order.