戸籍制度による移住制限と財政的自立の必要を背景に、経済改革以後、中国の郷村レベルでは人民公社期の社隊企業の流れを汲む集団所有制企業の設立・運営によって、地域全体の雇用・所得・福祉水準の向上を図ると同時に財政収入を確保してきた。市場経済への移行の初期段階には集団所有は有効に機能した。しかし、市場化の進展にともない、上記の仕組みによる発展には限界が訪れ、地域発展メカニズムは「地域内総所得最大化」から「個別経営体の利潤最大化」へと移行しつつある。この過程は、中国における市場観の変化と絡みあいつつ進行している。
Against the backdrop of a limitation imposed on migration by the rigid family registration system and the need to become fiscally independent after the economic reformation, villages in China sought to maintain local employment and income, improve welfare, and secure fiscal revenue by establishing and running collectively owned companies originating from small scale companies in the people's commune era.
In the early stages of transitioning to a market-based economy, collective ownership worked effectively. As the market economy became prevalent throughout the country, however, further advancement limitations arose given the aforementioned framework and as the regional development mechanism transitioned from "the maximization of the total regional income" to "the profit maximization of individual management body."
This process is evolving as the view of markets in China is evolving simultaneously.

論説