In this paper, firstly, I try to see the relation of learning and teaching from new angle. From this new angle the opposite side of learning and teaching is seen clearly. I think that the modern view on the L-T relation is too opt imistic therefore sometimes hypocritical and self-deceptive. We can set restrictions on the execution of the freedom of learning only when the realization of the true public welfare is concerned with. But what is the public welfare? Secondly, then, I intend to get the true concept of public welfare. I examine several conventional concepts. They are, for example, the ruler-centered concept, the utilitarianistic concept and the anti-capitalistic concept. Then I reject them all. New concept proposed in this paper is an axiomatic or idealistic concept. According to this concept public welfare implies necessarily the fundamental human rights. And freedom of learning belongs to this right. Thirdly, in conformity with the considerations above mentioned, I propose the new plan of reformation of the so-called compulsive and universal schooling system. In a concrete form I make a proposal of the abrogation of the course-study issued by the Ministry of Education in Japan. At the same time I demand the miti- gatiori of the restriction which is carried out by the laws concerning the teachers political activities.