Near the end of the second World War, I read "Demian" by H. Hesse. I was deeply impressed with his following words that he only wanted to live according to what grew in him naturally, but why it was so difficult for him. After several years, I learned Rousseau's statement: 'Man was born free and everywhere he is in fetters.' Now, in Japan, numerous Gakushu-Juku do good business repressing, in cooperation with the formal educational systems, the deep-rooted needs of children. Is there any general ground for these repressions ? If any, what is it? It is the institutionalization of human growth and his teaching-learning process. Although not every institutionalization of human activity always does evil for him, it transforms almost every human activity in the modern situation of which main, characteristics are the concentration and augmentation of national administrative powers. How can we harmonize freedom with equality in the modern educational institution ? How can we make the local autonomy compatible with the central control ? This is the most important problem to solve with our best efforts.