Social cultural fact has two characteristic sides, "the historical and the structural." Therefore, it should be studied scientifically from the two sides. Generally, the historical has been studied by history and the structural has been by anthropology. But I think they should be fundamentally studied as a whole. In this article, first, the some concepts of "structure" are mainly adjusted and studied. They are that of R. Brown, R. Firth and C. Levi-Strauss. Especially, we must pay attention to the structure which Levi-Strauss thinks as a model, since it seems that the structure as a general idea has a possibility to approach to the historical. When we try to think of sociology as an actual science and begin to cognize a concret social fact, the character of such structure will offer us a unique suggestion.