前稿(意味の問題[I])で,変形文法の統語論と意味論の概要を紹介し,統語論における文の分析が,現代論理学の分析と異なっていること,従って変形文法における文の文法的構造が,文の論理的構造と一致しないことを指摘した.本稿では,この不一致が何に原因するかを考え,この不一致を取り除くことができるような統語論のモデルを示したい.このモデルは,変形文法の諸規則に若干の変更を加えるもので,このようにして文のdeep structureを文の論理的構造に近づけようとする試みである.
This paper is a sequel to my earlier paper, "The Problem of Meaning (I)", Tetsugaku (Mita), vol. 50 (1967), pp. 129-149. In that paper I intended to show the grammatical structure of a sentence clarified by the transformational grammar is different from its logical structure in the sense of modern logic. In Section 1, of this paper I point out that the transformational analysis of a sentence depends upon the traditional conception that a sentence consists of a subject and a predicate. In Section 2., I introduce some concepts in modern logic such as individual variable, form and function, and in Section 3., making use of the notion of function I try to state some new rules of syntax, by which the structural meaning of a sentence will become clearer.
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