The site of Samaria in Palestine has a long history of archaeological investigations, which is represented by the twp great reports : Harvard Excavations at Samaria 1908-1910 in two volume, 1924 (by C. A. Reisner et al.) and Samaria-Sebaste in three volumes, 1942-1957 (by J. W. Crowfoot et al.). These works are worthy of close study and of careful comparison. They are both not only the essential contributions to the history of ancient Samaria, but also the text-books of the most advanced methodological ideas of Palestine archaeology in the first half of this century. It is very rewarding, or, so to speak, the only way of understanding what Palestine archaeology is, to analyse these ideas in each report and to describe their origin and development. Reisner brought the idea of systematizing field-works and recording, while Miss Kenyon combined it with her own discovery of the historical meaning of stratified loci. It seems that they introduced these novelties to Palestine from outside. Their methods are, however, not independent, nor supplementary each other, nor in opposition, but the methodological refinement acquired by Miss Kenyon at last is the fulfilment of the so-called Reisner-Fisher method, which, it is observed, was aiming without success at the same destination as hers to be reached.