This article was written originally for the book which would commemorate the retirement of Professor Dr.  Dr. F. W. Henning from Koln University. It was, however, kindly rewritten by Dr. Jorg Lichter, in order to make the purpose of my article clearer by the comparative study of the process of the modernization between the Ottoman Turky, Germany and Japan. As between the former article and the latter article there are some important differences however, I feel the latter should be publicised, so that readers could judge fairly the value of both articles. The latter article was publicised under the following title, "Der EinfluB politischer und gesellschaftlicher Institutionen auf den IndustrialisierungsprozeB: Das Osmanische Reich im Vergleich mit Deutschland und Japan", in this April in Germany.