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KAKEN_15K07133seika.pdf
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Title |
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雌雄交尾器はなぜ噛み合うのか? : 理論と実証からの論争解決
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シユウ コウビキ ワ ナゼ カミアウ ノカ? : リロン ト ジッショウ カラ ノ ロンソウ カイケツ
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Shiyū kōbiki wa naze kamiau noka? : riron to jisshō kara no ronsō kaiketsu
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Morphological matching between male and female genitalia : deciphering the maintenance mechanisms by theoretical and empirical approaches
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上村, 佳孝
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カミムラ, ヨシタカ
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Kamimura, Yoshitaka
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慶應義塾大学・商学部 (日吉) ・准教授
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Research team head
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科研費研究者番号 : 50366952
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2019
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科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書
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2018
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Abstract |
オス交尾器のみならず、メス交尾器の形の進化も速く、両者の間に形の対応 (噛み合い) が成立していることが、多くの動物で明らかになりつつある。雌が対応した形態を示すのは、「交尾時の創傷などのコストを避けるため」であるという仮説と、「遺伝的に質の高い雄を選択するためである」という仮説があり、論争が続いている。
論争の解決に向け、実証・理論の両面から研究をおこなった。実証面では各種昆虫類を対象とし、特にショウジョウバエ類を用いた研究により、人為的操作 (手術) で雌雄の交尾器の噛み合いを悪くした場合、交尾が成立しなくなる、その後の産卵が阻害されるなど、メスにとって大きなコストになることを明らかにした。
Recent studies have revealed that female genital morphology also rapidly evolve corresponding to the male genitals, which shows astonishing across-species diversity. There is ongoing debate on its underlying mechanisms, involving the two major hypotheses: the “sexual conflicts” and “cryptic female choice” hypotheses predict that exact matching of male and female genital morphologies reduces female mating costs or functions for choosing superior males, respectively.
This study tackled this problem from both theoretical and empirical approaches. In the latter, various insect groups were screened as potential model organisms for studying this topic. By surgically manipulating the female genital morphologies, studies on the fruit flies of the genus Drosophila revealed that (artificially induced) mismatching in male-female genitals during copulation can impose extensive costs on the female reproductive success, as it can hamper sperm transfer and the subsequent egg-laying.
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研究種目 : 基盤研究 (C) (一般)
研究期間 : 2015~2018
課題番号 : 15K07133
研究分野 : 進化生物学
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